Introduction
The Lincoln Wheat Penny is one of the most iconic coins in American history. First minted in 1909, this penny has experienced fluctuations in its design, rarity, and market value. While most Lincoln Wheat Pennies are worth just a few cents, some rare variants have fetched jaw-dropping prices at auctions. The 1943 copper wheat penny, one such anomaly, recently sold for a staggering $18.9 million, a reminder of how valuable rare coins can become. But here’s the twist – this rare coin is still out there, circulating among regular coins. So, could you stumble upon a penny worth millions? Let’s dive into the fascinating world of the Lincoln Wheat Penny, its incredible value, and how you might find one.
Section 1: The History of the Lincoln Wheat Penny
The Lincoln Wheat Penny was first introduced in 1909 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of President Abraham Lincoln’s birth. It was designed by sculptor Victor David Brenner, whose initials are engraved on the coin’s reverse side. For decades, the coin featured a wheat stalk design on the back, making it instantly recognizable.
- The Beginning (1909) The Lincoln Wheat Penny replaced the Indian Head penny, which had been in circulation since 1859. The new design featuring President Lincoln on the obverse (front) and two stalks of wheat on the reverse was well-received, with the design remaining largely unchanged for several decades.
- Design Changes (1943) In 1943, a significant change took place due to wartime material shortages. Instead of the usual copper, the U.S. Mint began producing pennies from zinc-coated steel to conserve copper for military use. However, a rare mistake resulted in a handful of 1943 copper wheat pennies being struck by mistake, making them extremely valuable today.
- End of the Wheat Design (1958) The Wheat Penny was finally replaced in 1959 with the Lincoln Memorial design, but the legacy of the Wheat Penny continues to intrigue collectors.

Section 2: The 1943 Copper Wheat Penny – The Million-Dollar Coin
The 1943 copper wheat penny is the ultimate prize for coin collectors. This is the penny that sold for a record-breaking $18.9 million at auction, and it’s still circulating, though incredibly rare.
- Why Is It So Valuable? The 1943 copper penny was not supposed to exist. During World War II, the U.S. Mint switched to zinc-coated steel to conserve copper, but a handful of copper planchets (blanks for minting) were accidentally used for striking pennies. This resulted in a small batch of pennies that are made from copper instead of steel. Only around 20 of these copper pennies are believed to be in existence.
- The 1943 Copper Penny’s Journey to $18.9 Million In 2018, a 1943 copper wheat penny sold for a record $18.9 million. The coin was one of the rarest and most valuable pennies in existence, making it the centerpiece of a major auction. Its sale brought attention to the fact that these pennies are still out there and could be hidden in circulation.
Section 3: Identifying the 1943 Copper Penny in Circulation
Now, you may be wondering, “How can I tell if I’ve found one of these rare pennies?” Identifying the 1943 copper wheat penny isn’t as difficult as you might think, though it requires a keen eye and a bit of knowledge.
- Look for the Year The most obvious identifying feature is the year on the coin. A genuine 1943 copper penny will have “1943” stamped on the obverse side. If you find a penny with the same year but made from steel, it’s not the rare copper variety.
- Check the Weight A standard steel 1943 penny weighs around 2.7 grams, while the copper version weighs 3.11 grams. If you have a scale, this simple test can help you confirm whether you’ve found a rare penny.
- Examine the Coin’s Appearance Copper pennies have a distinct reddish-brown hue, while steel pennies are grayish and have a shinier appearance. Look for the warm copper tone on the coin’s surface.
Section 4: The Value of Other Rare Lincoln Wheat Pennies
While the 1943 copper penny is the most famous, it’s not the only Lincoln Wheat Penny with significant value. There are several other rare pennies that can fetch a premium in the right market.
Year | Mint Error | Estimated Value |
---|---|---|
1909-S VDB | Rare variety with Victor David Brenner’s initials | $500 to $1,500 |
1914-D | Low mintage, hard to find | $1,200 to $5,000 |
1922 No D | Mint error where mintmark was not struck | $20,000 to $50,000 |
1931-S | Low mintage year | $400 to $5,000 |
1944 Steel | Mint error with steel instead of copper | $50,000 to $100,000 |
These are just a few examples of other valuable Lincoln Wheat Pennies. Coin collectors constantly search for rarities, making it an exciting time to start your collection.

Section 5: How to Find a Lincoln Wheat Penny Worth Millions
If you’re eager to get your hands on one of these valuable pennies, here are some practical tips on how to search for rare Lincoln Wheat Pennies:
- Check Your Spare Change It might sound simple, but you’d be amazed at how many valuable pennies are found in people’s spare change. Whether you’re paying for coffee or receiving change at the store, keep an eye out for older pennies with distinct features.
- Look Through Coin Rolls Coin rolls from banks can be a great place to search for rare coins. Many collectors purchase rolls of pennies in hopes of finding rare or misstruck coins.
- Attend Coin Shows Coin shows and auctions are excellent venues for meeting experienced collectors, buying, and selling rare coins. These events often feature rare finds and unique opportunities for collectors.
Section 6: The Future of the Lincoln Wheat Penny
With the advent of modern currency and digital payments, the Lincoln Wheat Penny’s days in circulation are numbered. However, the legacy of this iconic coin will live on in the hearts of collectors and history enthusiasts. As coin values continue to climb, especially for rare errors, more people will likely start paying closer attention to their pennies.
Conclusion
The Lincoln Wheat Penny, particularly the 1943 copper variant, is one of the most valuable coins ever struck by the U.S. Mint. With the record-breaking sale of one such penny for $18.9 million, it’s clear that this iconic piece of history is still highly sought after. While finding one of these rare pennies might seem like a long shot, the fact that they still circulate today means that anyone could potentially stumble upon a small fortune. Whether you’re a casual collector or a serious numismatist, the hunt for rare pennies is a thrilling adventure.
FAQs
1. What makes the 1943 copper wheat penny so valuable?
The 1943 copper penny is valuable because it was struck using copper planchets by mistake. During World War II, pennies were supposed to be made of steel, but a few copper coins slipped through the Mint’s processes.
2. How can I tell if my penny is the rare 1943 copper variety?
Look for the year “1943” on the coin. A 1943 copper penny will weigh 3.11 grams and have a reddish-brown hue, unlike its steel counterpart.
3. Are there other valuable Lincoln Wheat Pennies?
Yes, several other Lincoln Wheat Pennies, such as the 1909-S VDB, 1914-D, and 1922 No D, are highly valuable due to mint errors or low mintage numbers.
4. Where can I find rare Lincoln Wheat Pennies?
You can find rare pennies in your spare change, through coin rolls purchased at the bank, or at coin shows and auctions.
5. Is it worth collecting Lincoln Wheat Pennies?
If you’re a coin collector, Lincoln Wheat Pennies are an exciting and affordable way to start or expand your collection, with many rare specimens holding significant value.